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Correcting Red Eye
"Red eye" in photographs is caused by the camera's flash reflecting off the the back of the subject's eye. The spookey red glow results from the fact that the retina is rich with blood vessels. It appears worse if the photo is taken in a darkened room, when the pupils are more dilated.
Most of the new digital cameras have a "red eye reduction" setting involving an extra flash or series of flashes that allow the pupils to adjust and contract, reducing the surface area of retina exposed to the flash. In my experience this feature is worse useless when it comes to photographing critters, as most will flee or cower after the first blaze of light. While you can ask a human to look away from the camera, or warn them ahead of time about the oncoming barrage, generally one chance is all you get with most animals, so it's better to be prepared to do some tweaking later on the digital file.
I have taken this image for an example :
1. First, make two copies of the image, so you'll have three copies open.
Make a duplicate the image with Layer>Duplicate (Name it Red Eye). This will make a copy that will not change as you edit, so you can compare your changes to the original so gauge your progress.
Make a duplicate the image with Layer>Duplicate (Name it Red Eye). This will make a copy that will not change as you edit, so you can compare your changes to the original so gauge your progress.
3. Create a new layer.
4. Using the eyedropper, pick up a color from the outside of the iris that best represents the true eye color. It should have just a touch of color with a gray cast.
5. On the new layer, carefully paint over just the red part of the eyes.
6. You may want to gently soften the edges with the smudge tool or Filter>Blur>Gaussian Blur, set to 1 pixel.
7. Set the layer blend mode to Saturation. This will preserve the highlights, but might leave the eyes too gray and hollow looking. If so try the next step.
8. Duplicate the saturation layer and change the mode to Hue, which should put some color back but still preserve the highlights. If the color is too strong, reduce the opacity of this layer. You can darken the pupil area with the burn tool if necessary.
8. Duplicate the saturation layer and change the mode to Hue, which should put some color back but still preserve the highlights. If the color is too strong, reduce the opacity of this layer. You can darken the pupil area with the burn tool if necessary.
So, this is how your final result is:
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